A dental emergency refers to a situation involving severe dental pain, trauma, or an issue with the teeth, gums, or mouth that requires immediate attention to alleviate pain, prevent infection, or save a tooth. Here are common types of dental emergencies:

1. Severe Toothache: Intense pain that doesn’t subside may indicate an infection or an abscess that needs urgent treatment.
2. Broken or Chipped Tooth: A broken tooth can cause pain and damage the inside of the mouth. Depending on the severity, it might require immediate repair.
3. Knocked-Out Tooth: If a tooth is completely knocked out, immediate action (within 30 minutes) can sometimes save the tooth if it's preserved and reinserted quickly.
4. Loose Tooth: Adult teeth should never be loose. A loose tooth might indicate injury or infection and should be treated immediately.
5. Dental Abscess: An abscess is a serious infection, usually at the root of the tooth or in the gums, and can cause severe pain, swelling, fever, and requires immediate care.
6. Soft Tissue Injury: Lacerations, tears, or punctures to the lips, tongue, cheeks, or gums may need immediate care to control bleeding and prevent infection.
7. Lost Filling or Crown: If a filling or crown falls out, it can cause pain or sensitivity and requires prompt dental attention to prevent further damage.
8. Broken Orthodontics: Broken braces or wires can injure the inside of the mouth and need quick adjustment or repair.

In any dental emergency, it’s crucial to seek professional care as soon as possible to prevent further complications.

1. Stay Calm: Keeping calm in a dental emergency helps you think clearly and take appropriate actions.
2. Preserve the Tooth: If a tooth is knocked out, pick it up by the crown (the chewing surface), avoid touching the root, rinse it gently if dirty, and try to place it back in its socket if possible. If that’s not feasible, keep it in a container of milk or saliva until you can get to the dentist.
3. Control Bleeding: For any bleeding in the mouth, apply gentle pressure with a clean cloth or gauze. If bleeding doesn’t stop after 10 minutes of pressure, seek emergency care.
4. Manage Pain: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can help manage pain and reduce inflammation. Avoid aspirin as it can increase bleeding.
5. Cold Compress: For swelling or pain from a dental injury, apply a cold compress to the outside of the mouth or cheek to reduce swelling.
6. Avoid Using the Affected Area: Try not to chew on or use the part of your mouth where the problem is occurring to prevent further damage or irritation.
7. Rinse Your Mouth: For a dental abscess or infection, rinsing your mouth with warm salt water can help cleanse the area and provide some relief.
8. Keep Emergency Numbers Handy: Have your dentist's contact information readily available. In case they are unavailable, know where the nearest emergency dental clinic is.‍
9. Dental First Aid Kit: Consider having a dental first aid kit at home. It can include gauze, a small container with a lid, pain relievers, saline solution, and dental cement for temporary fillings or loose crowns.
10. Follow Up: After addressing the immediate emergency, schedule a follow-up appointment with your dentist to ensure proper healing and address any underlying issues.